Mirror formula and lens formula. If x i and f lie on that side, they are positive.
Mirror formula and lens formula Jan 24, 2025 · Thus, the mirror equation for convex mirrors. Dec 16, 2024 · Mirror Lens It has only one surface which reflects light. The mirror formula derivation is provided here obtain the mirror equation 1 p + 1 q = 2 R The mirror equation enables one to calculate the image position from the object position and the radius of curvature of the mirror. From the mirror equation, we May 1, 2025 · The mirror formula is represented by the following equation: 1 f = 1 v + 1 u Where f is the focal length of the mirror, u the object distance is the distance of the object from the mirror and v the image distance is the distance the image is formed from the mirror. Magnification formula Physics 142 Lenses and Mirrors Page !1 Lenses and Mirrors Now for the sequence of events, in no particular order. Mirror formula - 1/v+1/u=1/f. The main difference between mirror and lens similar to convex and concave mirror is that, according to standard sign convention, the concave mirror has a negative focal length and the convex mirror has a positive focal length. In the Newtonian form of the lens equation, the distances from the focal length points to the object and image are used rather than the distances from the lens. The mirror formula is expressed as: May 10, 2024 · Lens Maker's Formula; Problems on Mirror Formula and Magnification Formula. . Convex Lens. Concave and convex mirrors. Mar 18, 2024 · (2) Mirror formula is the relation between the focal length (f)of the mirror, the distance u of the object from the pole of the mirror and the distance v of the image from the pole. c. \label{eq:2. Problem 1: An object is placed at a distance of 2 times of focal length from the pole of the convex mirror, Calculate the linear magnification. 1 - A convex mirror used for rear-view on an automobile has a radius of curvature of 3. Mirror is the glass surface and the back side of the Mirror is a silvery backing which helps to form an Image due to reflection. The Mirror formula is used to obtain the numerical information about image distance and image size that ray diagrams fail to provide. It dictates the converging or diverging ability of a lens or mirror. We are assuming that a lens or mirror will form a point image of a point object, and that a parallel beam entering a lens will come to a point focus. In addition, for spherical mirrors the focal length is half the radius of curvature of the reflecting surface. A concave mirror and a convex lens are similar. The mirror formula connects distances of the object and image from the pole of a mirror and the mirror's focal length. A mathematical equation may derived that relates the position of the object, the position of the image and the focal length of a curved mirror, either for a converging or a diverging Mirror Equation The mirror equation expresses the quantitative relationship between the object distance (d o), the image distance (d i), and the focal length (f). If a bus is located at 5. The mirror formula establishes a relation between the object distance (u), image distance (v) and focal length of a Lens formula - 1/v-1/u=1/f. 0 cm in size, is placed at 25. A second lens of focal length 5 cm is placed 40 cm from the first lens and 55 cm from the object. Finally, the magnification of a mirror or lens is given by the formula h’/h = s’/s where h' is 1. Focal length which is represented as ‘f’. There are two central focuses on either side of a lens. It connects three main factors: the object distance (u), image distance (v), and the focal length (f). The equation is stated as follows: Magnification Equation The magnification equation relates the ratio of the image distance and object distance to the ratio of the image height (h i) Contents The study of Physics Topics involves the exploration of matter, energy, and the forces that govern the universe. Derivation of lens formula or mirror equation; Spherical Mirrors; Concave and Convex Mirrors; Sign Conventions. Both planar and spherical mirrors (convex and concave mirrors) use the mirror formula. The Mirror Formula (also referred to as the mirror equation) gives us the relationship between the focal length (f), the distance of the object from the mirror (u) and the distance of the image from the mirror (v). It’s crucial for determining Dec 16, 2024 · Example 10. — Dan Rather Overview: making practical use of the laws of reflection and refraction We will now study formation of images by lenses and mirrors, and the use of these in simple optical instruments. e. Image distance which is represented as ‘v’. Headlights : The bulb of a headlight or a torch is placed at the focus of a concave mirror. And is written as : \( \frac{1}{v} + \frac{1}{u} = \frac{1}{f} \) This formula Jan 29, 2022 · There are 6 different types of the lens, while the mirror exists only in broadly concave and convex mirrors. Feb 12, 2025 · As shown in the table, the mirror formula uses a plus sign (+) between the reciprocals of the image distance (v) and the object distance (u), while the lens formula uses a minus sign (-). May 1, 2025 · Lens Maker's Formula. Magnification formula Jan 5, 2024 · For mirrors, the most common formula is the mirror equation, which relates the object distance (do), image distance (di), and focal length (f) of a mirror. There are two primary types of lenses: convex and concave. 5mm tall placed at 5cm from the mirror. Mirror Formula and Magnification. Step-by-Step Breakdown. May 5, 2020 · Q. Find (a) the position of the final image, (b) its nature and (c) its size. 1 Study App and Learning App with Instant Video Solutions for NCERT Class 6, Class 7, Class 8, Class 9, Class 10, Class 11 and Class 12, IIT JEE prep, NEET preparation and CBSE, UP Board, Bihar Board, Rajasthan Board, MP Board, Telangana Board etc Spherical Mirror Equation. The mirror and the lens are likely to be asked Mar 24, 2020 in Physics by Sandhya01 ( 57. It introduces concepts like focal length, object distance, image distance, and magnification. 7 cm from a concave mirror having a focal length of 15. The mirror formula can be termed as the formula in which the relationship between the distance of object represented as ‘u’ and the distance of the image represented as ‘v’, and the focal length of the mirror given as ‘f’. Where f is the focal length of the lens, u is the distance of the object from the lens and v is the distance the image is formed from The mirror formula gives the relationship between the distance of the object 'u,' the distance of the image 'v,' and the focal length of the mirror 'f'. If x i and f lie on that side, they are positive. However, when dealing with lenses the mirror equation is called the Lens Maker's equation. 0 cm. You are probably aware – even if unfamiliar with all the fine details – that this is not exactly so, and you will be aware Mirror formula, also called the mirror equation, is an equation which relates object distance and image distance with focal length. A spherical mirror can also be characterized by its focal length. This video introduces and explains the concept of lenses, the mirror Equation, conc Sep 16, 2022 · Concave mirror equation; Convex mirror equation; Plane mirror equation; Read on to find out what a mirror is, learn more about the lens mirror equations, and see some fun facts, such as how mirrors are made and how to tell if a mirror is two-way. Mirrors reflect light, therefore real images are formed on the same side that the object is located on. Using the mirror formula. Given, h 1 = 5 mm = 0. Concave mirror or also called the converging mirror which have an inward bent surface. b. 18. Solution. Example Problem #1 A 4. Mirror equations for concave and convex mirrors are the same. Thin-Lens Equation:Newtonian Form. As a demonstration of the effectiveness of the Mirror equation and Magnification equation, consider the following example problem and its solution. Oct 18, 2023 · Mirror and Lens Formula. Q. 2. The mirror equation enables one to calculate the image position from the object position and the radius of curvature of the mirror. Sign Convention for Spherical Mirrors. 0 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 15. Refer to the diagram for clear visualization. But the sign conventions for x o, x i, and f are different for lenses and mirrors. 00 m. At what distance Jan 24, 2025 · What is Mirror Formula? The mirror formula is a mathematical equation that describes the relationship between the focal length, object distance, and image distance of a curved mirror. 1/do: The inverse of the object distance. ly/2KBC0l1Android App: https://bit. Diagrams demonstrate the differences between concave and convex you will never forget, MIRROR FORMULA AND LENS FORMULA!Just see once!#mirrorformula#mirrorformulaclass10#lensformulaFor more easy video For CLASS 7th, 8th , Now, that all these conventions are clear; let us know move on the mirror formula. The lens formula is (1)/(f)=(1)/(v)-1/u and the mirror formula is (1)/(f)=(1)/(v)+1/u. Thicker in the middle and thinner at the edges. So, the object distance, u = -2f . A concave mirror produces a real image 10mm tall, of an object 2. Object distance which is represented as ‘u’. The mirror and lens formulae are equations used to relate the focal length (f), object distance (u), and image distance (v) for mirrors and lenses. Access free live classes and tests on the app The simple answer to what the main difference is between a mirror and a lens is that a mirror is something that reflects an image, while a lens is something to look through to see an image. Object distance is denoted by the letter u. Lenses in Geometric Optics. The equation for image formation by rays near the optic axis (paraxial rays) of a mirror has the same form as the thin lens equation if the cartesian sign convention is used: From the geometry of the spherical mirror, note that the focal length is half the radius of curvature: Theory explaining the refraction of light, total internal reflection, lens maker’s formula, combination of thin lenses, and combination of a lens and a mirror. The mirror formula gives the relation between the focal length of the spherical surfaces, the object distances and the image distance. If so how? Similarly, in ray optics, mirror formula is one of the key concepts that helped us in understanding the behaviour of light in a better way. Check the thin lens equation calculator to switch the topic to lens instead of mirrors. Dec 16, 2024 · Example 10. Here is the equation relating these three variables: Here is the equation relating these three variables: Physics Jamb Preparatory class on lenses and the mirror Equation, part 1. 16. 6 cm in front of the mirror or 8. Convex lens are known as converging lens. Solved example: Mirror formula. At what distance should the object from the lens be placed so that it forms an image at 10 cm from the lens? Also, find the magnification produced by the lens. Science > Class 10 Physics (India) > Light – reflection & refraction > Mirror formula & magnification Dec 4, 2019 · For a lens - mirror in contact, like a lens with silvered surface (where lens and mirror are seperated by virtually $0$ distance) can we say that the effective power is the sum of power of mirror and lens. glass), bounded by two surfaces, of which atleast one is buldged. Lens is transparent and it produces the Images by refraction. A concave mirror has a focal length of -20 cm. 0-cm tall light bulb is placed a distance of 35. Dec 30, 2024 · Backend Formula for the Lens and Mirror Equation Calculator. 4 - A 2. Of course, we could go more technical than this and discuss mirror and lens physics through optics and whatnot. Mirror and Lens formula got you confused? Worry not, in this BYJU's ACHIEVERS session we will compare Mirror and Lens formulae, learn where to apply them and mirror or lens, the formula is 1/s + 1/s’ = 1/f This formula applies to all mirrors, thin glass lenses, and to all types of images. Calculate focal length of the mirror and the position of the image. Diverging lens: Parallel light rays entering a diverging lens from the right seem to come from the focal point on the right (b). It is an equivalent treatment, but the Gaussian form Jul 2, 2024 · Conclusion: The object can be placed either 21. There are two types of spherical mirrors for which the mirror formula is used. The mirror formula is applicable for both, plane mirrors and spherical mirrors (convex and concave mirrors). The formula to calculate image distance we The equation that relates object distance \(p\), image distance \(q\) and focal length \(f\) is \[ \frac{1}{p} + \frac{1}{q} = \frac{1}{f}. A mirror formula can be defined as the formula which gives the relationship between the distance of object ‘u’, the distance of image ‘v’, and the focal length of the mirror ‘f’. Our Website: https://bit. The distance of image from […] May 6, 2024 · Learn, Concave and Convex Mirrors. Illustrate with figure. A mirror has only one point of convergence, which is directly in front of it. On the other extreme, a lens is a part of transparent refracting medium, (i. 1 f = 1 v − 1 u. Thin lens equation relates the object distance (do), image distance (di), and focal length (f). 1/v-1/u=1/f is the formula for image formation by a lens. 17. Mirror and Magnification Equation Notes_7_SNC2DE_09 - 10 Curved Mirror Equation Ray diagrams for mirrors take a considerable time to draw and are prone to errors. On the other hand, 1/v+1/u=1/f is the formula for image formation by a mirror. It follows the law of refraction. The most obvious distinction between mirrors and lenses is that mirrors reflect light beams (light bounces back), whereas lenses refract (pass through) light rays. 2 cm. ”?) Apr 26, 2025 · Mirror Formula and Lens Formula. It is used in optics to determine the position and characteristics of images formed by mirrors. Mirror formula. Solution: Let the Focal length of mirror = f. May 12, 2021 · The derivation of the mirror formula or spherical mirror formula is one of the most common formulas in optics. For the first lens, the lens equation is, First lens forms image 30 cm to the right Lesson 2: Mirror formula and magnification. Doubtnut is No. The sign convention is used in the following formulas: Mirror Formula: 1/f = 1/v+1/u; Lens Formula: 1//f = 1/v-1/u; Magnification Formula: m= -v/u (for mirrors) and m=v/u (for lenses) Practice Questions 1. method or to stick to conventional equations such as equation 2. 2 - An object, 4. In this article, we going to provide you some Numerical Problems Based on Mirror Formula of Class 12 Physics. In geometric optics, lenses are optical devices designed to refract (bend) and focus light rays to form an image. The Lens and Mirror Equation uses the formula: 1/f = 1/do + 1/di. The image formed by the lens facing the object serves as an object for the next lens or mirror the image formed by the second lens (or mirror) acts as an object for the third and so on. It follows the laws of reflection. 3k points) The lens equation and the mirror equation are written as 1/x o + 1/x i = 1/f. ly/3k48zdKCBSE Class 10 Co Students can find the Derivation of Mirror Formula on Vedantu where it is explained thoroughly by featuring Facts on Spherical Mirror, Derive Mirror Formula for Convex, Derive Mirror Formula for Concave Mirror, Derivation of Mirror Formula for Convex Lens, Proof of Mirror formula, Assumptions for the Derivation of Mirror Formula, and solved examples. View Answer Example 10. 1. Jan 19, 2025 · Light reflection, refraction all formulas - mirror, lens, magnification, refractive index, Snell's law - Chapter 9, CBSE Class 10. 5 cm from a convex mirror having a focal length of -12. 5 cm, u 1 = –15 cm, f 1 = 10 cm, f 2 = 5 cm, d = 40 cm. Determine the image distance and the image size. The lens has 2 focal points, while a plane mirror has 0 focal points. Mirror can be plan or plan but Lens can be curved in one or two surfaces. Both the mirror equation and the magnification equation also apply to lenses. Mirror Formula helps us to find: a. Let's discuss both formulas below: Mirrors Formula. The image formed by a convex mirror is virtual, erect and smaller in size. On the other hand, lenses have two main formulas: the thin lens equation and the magnification equation. From the mirror equation, we see that as p→∞ ⇒ 1 q = 1 f = 2 R As a demonstration of the effectiveness of the mirror equation and magnification equation, consider the following example problem and its solution. We can say that the mirror formula provides a relation between the Ray Diagrams, Concave Lens and Convex Mirror: Shows how to draw the ray diagrams for locating the image produced by a concave lens and a convex mirror. let's say we have a convex lens of focal length five centimeters and we keep an object six centimeters in front of it how would you find where its image is going to be formed well four lenses there's only one thing we know to do that is to draw ray diagrams so maybe we draw this whole thing on a piece of paper by doing measurements using a Sep 4, 2023 · Those mirrors which possess a reflecting surfaces which are spherical, are called spherical mirrors. The Mirror Formula is an important principle in optics that explains how light behaves when it interacts with spherical mirrors, whether concave or convex. 3 - A concave lens has focal length of 15 cm. Derivation of Mirror Formula and Linear Magnification The distance of an object from the pole of a mirror is known as object distance. 1} \] Or is it? Should that not be a minus sign on the left hand side? Or should it be a plus sign for mirrors and minus for lenses? (“More for a Mirror; Less for a Lens. The mirror formula for a concave mirror is given below. The focal length is the image distance when the object distance is infinity. The document discusses mirrors and lenses, specifically deriving the mirror and lens equations. The formula is as given below: \( {1 \over v} + {1 \over u} = {1 \over f }\) Mirror Formula Converging lens: Parallel light rays entering a converging lens from the right cross at its focal point on the left (a). In this article, we will explore the key aspects of the mirror formula and solve numerical problems to strengthen your understanding. Combination of Lenses and Mirror: When several lenses or mirrors are used co-axially, the image formation is considered one after another in steps. 0 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 10 Feb 22, 2018 · The difference between mirror and lens is that mirror means a smooth and highly polished glass surface, through which images are formed by reflection, as the light falls on it. Oct 3, 2023 · Camera Lenses: For cameras that utilize concave or convex mirrors or lenses, the mirror equation is used in designing the lens system and predicting the image's properties. 31 cm in front of the mirror to produce an image 27 cm from the mirror. Newton used the "extrafocal distances" x o and x i in his formulation of the thin lens equation. The Thin Lens Equation and Magnification The thin lens equation relates the object distance d o , image distance d i , and focal length f . New Cartesian Sign Convention is used to avoid confusion in understanding the ray directions. (3) New cartesian sign convention In case of spherical mirrors, the following sign convention is used for measuring various distances: Lesson 2: Mirror formula and magnification. A mirror can be plane or spherical (concave or convex) A lens is usually curved from either one or both surfaces. Activities are provided to familiarize students with curved mirrors and lenses, and have them practice deriving the key equations. For the measurement of all the distances, the optical center of the lens is considered. 00 m from this mirror, find the position, nature and size of the image View Answer Example 10. Mirror Formula. Sign convention for mirrors (& lenses) Sign convention. 00-cm tall light bulb is placed a distance of 45. The magnification image formed by a spherical mirror is given by the height Apr 3, 2019 · A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of -15 cm. It has two surfaces, out of which one or both can refract light. The first position will produce a real image 27 cm in front of the mirror, while the second position will produce a virtual image 27 cm behind the mirror. 1/f: This represents the inverse of the focal length. mubqtjcgnrnkxjtnlebvhimkcsfdajmsmwkejysqgahfiwmpyzomp