Clt vs steel cost First, our aim is to provide an estimate of Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) market prices in North America. Feb 27, 2014 · 1) Whereas steel or concrete structures are skeletal, using columns to carry loads, CLT towers distribute weight over the entire, solid vertical panel. These massive planks are structurally sound, easier to assemble, and more cost-effective than steel, concrete, or small dimensional wood. Jun 10, 2020 · Mass timber and CLT are some of the most cost-effective of all the structural building materials available, including other hardwood products, concrete and steel. ft. ORTHOGONALLY ORIENTED DIMENSIONAL LUMBER USED TO FABRICATE Jun 24, 2020 · Lower cost: mass timber construction is more cost-effective than alternative forms of construction for mid- and high-rise buildings. CLT vs Timber Frame? Money , the bottom Line. For glulam, overall since prices peaked in 2021, prices decreased as much as 30%. Nov 1, 2019 · It compares CLT floor constructions with reinforced concrete slabs with respect to structural design, manufacturing costs, assembly costs, and greenhouse gas emissions. Sep 17, 2019 · Due to the building’s height and Type IIIB structural designation, no fireproofing will be required and the CLT and steel can be exposed, eliminating or reducing the need for a ceiling system for aesthetics. Figure 1. Feb 24, 2021 · Cross-laminated wood is a durable and excellent choice for wood floors. Given the relatively new presence of CLT in United States, high front-end construction costs are expected. from an architecture firm’s point of view and compare the economic performance of CLT with that of Feb 21, 2022 · Currently CLT panels are more expensive than traditional construction such as steel or concrete. It’s a bit pricey but very constructible. CLT is an innovative wood product that was introduced in the early 1990s in Oct 9, 2024 · While NLT lacks the adhesive bonding of glulam or CLT, it offers a cost-effective solution for projects where prefabricated timber slabs are needed. Physically, to achieve the same degree of insulation that a 100 mm thick CLT wall would afford, we would need to build a concrete wall 1. Buildings using mass timber are cost-competitive to those built with steel and concrete. The cost of blockwork (masonry) for the internal skin is easy to establish, although it must also include the cost of insulation to allow for any meaningful comparisons. For commercial offices, Katerra CLT will also be competitive with concrete and steel and in some instances should generate project savings. Oct 20, 2022 · Delivery from CLT production sites raises substantial costs and makes single-storey construction relatively expensive. Nov 11, 2020 · Trying to Compare Labour and Materials Costs. Timber Frame vs. Case Study 3: Boulder office 4. Based on the defined goal and scope Jan 17, 2022 · For example, the thickness of CLT structural elements may be optimised to achieve a 5% average reduction of the thickness of typically designed CLT elements. Case Study 5: Steel/timber hybrid The concrete flat slab option has a marginally lower frame and floor cost compared with the steel composite option, but on a total building basis, the steel composite option has a lower overall cost (£4,010/m 2 compared with £4,048/m 2). In 1942 , fully water-resistant phenol-resorcinol Nov 17, 2022 · Cost engineering is a standard exercise of determining a project’s cost. It has been in use for many decades. CONNECTION SYSTEMS. Cost - CLT typically costs slightly more upfront, though prices have been dropping steadily. 6 Cost comparison 7 Procurement guidance (CLT) which is now competing economically with steel and concrete frames. Readers should understand that, although CLT is a lumber- or veneer-based product, CLT’s market price is affected by its own set of supply-and-demand dynamics. Jun 29, 2023 · The theory behind CLT is that it not only replaces emissions-heavy steel and concrete, but actually helps slow climate change by keeping CO 2 out of the atmosphere. Mar 25, 2018 · The results from this study show that CLT structures cost significantly more than cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures. For this study, the use of vertical CLT wall panels resulted in axial wall stresses of 270 psi at the base. Globally (CLT) cross-laminated timber is being recognised as the product to change the face of construction. With a life cycle that can easily exceed any timber frame, the amortized expenditure for steel lowers the overall cost of ownership as the building ages. In 2015, the International Building Code (IBC) incorporated CLT (jurisdictions across the US adopt IBC as their default). But in the 2010s, North American architects started using CLT in larger buildings to substitute for steel and concrete. Results generated from this study will provide solid, transparent evidence on the environmental perfor-mance metrics for CLT and other mass timber buildings that can inform the public, building de- Jun 6, 2017 · The CLT costs are based upon subcontractor costs received on a design completed by Engenuiti whereby a reinforced concrete frame alternative was also priced for comparative purposes. Steel Frame: A Comparison in Home Construction The framework of your house acts as its skeleton, providing the structural support for everything from the roof to the walls. conducted a LCA of CLT comparing it with concrete, steel, and load-bearing masonry from Aug 31, 2017 · Unlike concrete, where it’s poured in place and you’re just using a commodity material, CLT is more akin to steel in that we’re selling not just the material but an entire building system. 2019) thatthe design for Aug 22, 2019 · CLT builds were exceptionally fast to frame, and very expensive. Glulam vs. Both concrete and steel emit enormous quantities of carbon into the air, and the construction industry overall makes up 30 percent of annual greenhouse gases. However, when it comes to a majority of mass timber projects, CLT and glulam are both used during construction in order to take full advantage of their benefits. Skip to content Call Us Toll free : 1-800-604-0343 Recent research has shown that CLT could be cost-competitive as an alternative to concrete structures and for buildings over 6 stories high. Plan 1 . [35] indicated that CLT enables a reduction of up to 30% in construction time, which considerably lowers labor costs. Over 30 years, the combined effects of a change from a steel-framed air-conditioned office to a building with insitu concrete frame and floors are: Capital cost changes: +£42,000 +3. With costs and profits as a key focus in any project. We have assumed that the internal CLT walls and soffits are boarded in order to provide an accurate comparison to the RC version in respect of acoustic, fire and The cost-effectiveness of mass timber buildings is also undergoing substantial analysis. It has been constructed as a mass timber structure. The layered stacks are then pressed in large hydraulic or May 18, 2024 · The study used 3D-modelling to assess the weight and embodied carbon from Adohi Hall, once America's biggest mass timber building, and compared it to a conventional steel-and-concrete building. Residential, student housing and hospitality projects up to six stories that use only CLT floor panels may experience Jul 30, 2021 · Civil Engineering and Architecture 9(5): 1395-1408, 2021 1397 . 1% (saving 57 tonnes of CO 2 a year) Total change in net present cost: -£43,000 Cross Laminated Timber (CLT): CLT is another popular form of glued structural timber that has many of the same excellent capabilities. Why? CLT is lighter, so requires a smaller foundation. They have remained relatively stable, but we are now seeing some slower increase in 2023. It is also similar to most I’ve done a couple buildings CLT floors/roofs supported by a steel frame. It takes a couple days to get the floors in, compared to a much longer time for COMD, which is what we normally would have done. Mass timber connections and what they cost E. Aug 14, 2017 · What Is CLT? Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is part of what’s collectively called “mass timber” that includes glue-laminated beams, nail-laminated timber and CLT. We have the largest CLT machine: 180 feet long and 20-some feet wide, where every one of these panels is custom milled to become part of a building StructureCraft manufacture or source a range of mass timber materials including DLT, CLT, NLT, and Glulam as well as steel components such as connections, concrete, and steel in any application with CLT will make a meaningful difference to the health and long-term viability of our planet. This is because of lower substructure and roof costs and lower preliminaries resulting from the shorter The final solution involved much shallower timber piles, cross-laminated timber (CLT) floor and wall panels, resulting in acceptable budget costs of $2,200/m2 in 2013/2014 excluding the site-specific foundations. The site was assumed to have no significant cost implications concerning site access, ground conditions or neighbouring About the International Mass Timber Report Since 2019, the annually updated International Mass Timber Report includes detailed information on the entire supply chain, the latest innovative technology, existing and planned production capacity, and market demand estimates for both North American and international markets. LVL vs. Steel beams and columns and what they cost F. Then they removed the CLT price and said you had to contact them for a price and they reckoned it was getting on for 25% dearer then they removed it altogether. SmartLam is proud to be part of a global solution. In their specific model (1850 sq. concrete and steel Cross laminated timber (CLT) This is an innovative product, composed of a renewable resource, which permits a high load capacity with low weight, enabling a construction that is lighter but with an extraordinary structural stiffness, and simultaneously preserving the environment and the planet in which we live. " But a beneficial difference is in the event of an earthquake, a CLT wall system allows any damaged connection devices on the building to be pulled out and replaced, often within just hours, rather than scrapping the whole structure Jul 22, 2024 · 240mm thick CLT slabs are used in the CLT option, 150mm concrete slabs in the concrete option, and 150mm composite metal decks in the steel option. The cost effectiveness of mass timber buildings has received attention from academia and industry. Long lifespan: With proper maintenance, steel structures can last for decades. costs and time were compiled into a financial model using EstateMaster software to analyse the comparative financial performance of CLT versus concrete and steel. This study presents comprehensive cost information of a tall mass timber building construction located in Canada. Advantages and Disadvantages of each STC System. Mar 29, 2025 · In the US and Canada, CLT can't yet compete with stick-frame construction in terms of cost. This study presents the life-cycle cost (LCC) for a 12-story, 8,360-m2 mass timber building to be built in Portland, Oregon. Based on a survey of contractors knowledgeable in CLT construction, the cost of the structural frame in the CLT option was estimated to be The reinforced concrete flat slab option has a lower frame and floor cost than the steel composite beams and slab option (£173/m² compared to £177/m²), however on a total building basis, the steel composite beams and slab option has a lower cost (£1,982/m² compared to £2,183m²), due to both a lower roof cost and lower preliminaries Dec 18, 2017 · Cutting costs. B. 0 Glue Laminated Timber, or Glulam, is not a new technology; it dates back to 1866. Aug 19, 2019 · The same goes for steel. 80 m thick (1/18 ratio). Its price depends on the need for transportation, foundation work, assimilation cost, and CLT grade. Mass timber structures take less time to construct and produce less waste than steel- and concrete-supported structures, making them more cost-effective to build. COST. Nov 1, 2020 · Given the relatively new presence of CLT in United States, high front-end construction costs are expected. Aug 1, 2016 · Recent research has shown that CLT could be cost-competitive as an alternative to concrete structures and for buildings over 6 stories high. Reference building in 3D . While steel typically has a higher allowable stress, glulam’s lighter weight offers its advantages. This cost, time and profit based research assumes the same sales figures can be achieved with CLT compared to concrete and steel. Labor demands for CLT projects are also less. Steel results in smaller members compared to equivalent glulam counterparts. CLT vs. Here’s how it works: as trees grow, they suck up CO 2 from the air and store it. Apr 16, 2024 · “Compared to equivalent structures made of steel or concrete, timber structures emit 20 to 50% less greenhouse gas over 100 years. Though variable, material cost savings may be as much as 15% compared to concrete, steel, and masonry for mid-rise residential buildings. Square foot costs of some actual CLT projects are also greater than comparable reinforced concrete structures based on national average structure costs. Sep 2, 2023 · Only the Heb Homes timber kit prices. High initial cost: The production and fabrication of steel can be expensive. include balloon-framed assemblies with steel ledgers to support the floor system, hybrid columns with steel post assemblies through the floors to eliminate cross-grain bearing, and full height steel columns. All CLT walls are assumed to be covered with acoustic insulation and gypsum transport with an associated increase in costs. Case Study 4: Denver office 5. It includes comparing the price of materials, among other factors, to establish the likelihood of a material being specified for use. 64% higher than the cost of the actual building being developed by concrete and steel. It is compared to the same building design with a steel frame for this study. Roof Non-Composite Floor Wall Axial Beam/Header Lateral 4 SmartLam CLT Specification Guide - Version 2: April 2020 Columbia Falls, MT Production Facility Dothan, AL. It should be noted as a point of uncertainty (Kuzman and Sandberg 2017, Markstro¨m et al. Mass Ply products are patented, veneer-based, large-format engineered wood products that can be easily substituted for Cross Laminated Timber (CLT), Dowel Laminated Timber (DLT) or Nail Laminated Timber (NLT), in any Mass Timber project. CLT is more expensive than steel or concrete; Code restrictions on timber building heights; Costs of electrical, plumbing and other services can increase (no wall cavities) There can be higher architectural/design costs; A higher material transportation cost (relatively few manufacturing plants) Less long-term flexibility (think future renovations) Each solution was designed and then independently costed for a timber option as well as a more conventional concrete-framed or steel-framed solution. Mass timber beams and columns and what they cost. CLT can be built between 25% and 75% faster than similar reinforced concrete and steel buildings on a square footage basis, has a 20% overall faster schedule, and uses 90% less construction traffic [2] [8]. Apr 23, 2021 · In terms of strength, Glulam timber is one-sixth the weight of concrete and one-tenth the weight of steel, and is stronger than steel due to its greater stiffness and strength. 2) Steel or concrete L-brackets fix the Jan 30, 2018 · The results from this study and cost data for some actual CLT buildings clearly demonstrate that CLT structures cost significantly more than cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures building construction cost, operational cost, maintenance and repair (M&R) cost, and residual value and/or demolition cost at the end of building life for a study period of 60 years. CLT panels can also be designed to allow for the onsite installation of bespoke windows, doors and other architectural features. Nov 3, 2018 · 2. Dec 10, 2020 · In one study done in California, the test resulted in the CLT products "performed as well as steel or concrete. 6%. Mass timber offers a range of benefits that make it an attractive alternative to traditional building materials like concrete and steel. Mar 7, 2022 · Cost is an important parameter of any construction project, and the availability of adequate cost information from previous projects helps to tackle cost-related challenges associated with building construction. cost of steel has had a minimal effect on reinforced concrete building projects. For the present problem, a complete picture for the structural design cannot be realised without considering both the static and dynamic aspects of the two types of plates. Bay studies D. The following is a life-cycle comparison conducted by the Athena Sustainable Materials Institute (ASMI) of the materials only, and does not include any considerations of how they each affect thermal performance, vapour or air movement through wall assemblies. CLT construction requires significantly tighter tolerances. Mass timber panels and what they cost. ,This paper presents structural design requirements in conformance with EN 1993: Eurocode 5 and Eurocode 3. The cost of CLT per square meter is higher when compared to steel and concrete. Steel-based screws and fasteners for connection of CLT elements may be greatly optimised, thereby achieving about 25% reduction in the mass of the screws and fasteners without compromising Aug 4, 2013 · Based on this analysis, the use of CLT has a significantly lower environmental impact than concrete, however there are additional costs. Screed topping, acoustic insulation, and plasterboard ceiling are included in the CLT slabs for functional equivalence. projects of six to twelve stories, Katerra CLT will be cost neutral with concrete and steel. Feb 28, 2019 · CLT’s cost for materials and labor may be lower than traditional steel or concrete. Studies have been carried out to obtain a more efficient and low-cost connection system. This can be explained by the fact that CLT allows for more simplified construction compared to conventional wood-frame solutions, because fewer larger elements are involved Jan 24, 2020 · It is more expensive per unit than steel or concrete. Save this Mar 3, 2022 · Example 3 – 2022 costings. Aug 1, 2023 · The labor cost to install metal siding is $3 to $10 per square foot, depending on if it's aluminum or steel, the panel type, and your home's size and architectural features. Jan 1, 2021 · For example, Burback and Pei [181], Ahmed and Arocho [182], and Mallo and Espinoza [180] report CLT case studies with a range of cost effectiveness from 21% cost disadvantage to a 21% cost advantage compared with conventional construction materials. 2019) thatthe design for The cost-effectiveness of mass timber buildings is also undergoing substantial analysis. The main goal of this study was to understand the market impediments to widespread adoption in the U. Recent research has shown that CLT could be cost-competitive as an alternative to concrete structures and for buildings over 6 stories high. The design principles for CLT fall between timber frame and masonry (Figure 4). The APA - The Engineered Wood Mar 15, 2024 · This can further contribute to cost and resource efficiency. May 3, 2023 · Steel prices went up similarly but did not fall again in the same way as timber, and we are now seeing price rises again. The construction cost differential between mass timber and other traditional Oct 7, 2019 · Lloyd Alter/CC BY 2. According to StructureCraft, “Cross Laminated timber (CLT) panels are formed by stacking and gluing together successive perpendicular layers of wood. It was 15% dearer than their SIP kits when we first started looking two years ago. Susceptible to corrosion: Steel can rust if not protected from moisture. Case Study 2: A sustainability showpiece 3. Fire protection and acoustical prices vary from £2 to £6 per square foot. One of the biggest myths about building with CLT is that is more expensive; some incorrectly believe a specialized crew is needed for the installation phase. Jul 17, 2018 · For one or two storey construction it is highly unlikely that CLT would be cost effective compared to SIPs. Mar 31, 2022 · Cross laminated timber cost per square foot. This is where mass timber construction comes in – being an alternative to replace conventional materials like concrete and steel. T3 is 30% lighter than its equivalent in steel would have been, and 60% lighter than post-tensioned concrete according to engineer-led Nov 3, 2014 · Using a recently completed existing building as a benchmark, the report compares concrete, steel, and CLT structural materials based on life-safety issues as well as cost for a hypothetical ten-story multifamily building in Seattle and concludes that a quicker construction time helps contribute to overall cost savings of approximately 4%. It was patented in 1872 in Germany. , 3 bed, 2 bath, additional office area, and unfinished basement), the total project costs for the light-framed wood build was $393,085 while the optimized CLT build was $476,545 (see image below for the cost breakdown). While cast-in-place concrete construction can be pricier on the front end, the return on investment achieved can lessen the cost differential. S. It is a potentially cost-competitive wood-based solution that complements the existing light frame and heavy timber options, and is a suitable candidate for some applications which currently use concrete, masonry and steel. Energy cost changes: -£3,800 a year = -£85,000 -4. Mass timber panels are prefabricated and assembled on-site and because it is so enormous, the construction process is roughly 25% faster than concrete and requires 90% less Nov 10, 2022 · However, CLT does have some inherent fire-resistant properties, providing up to 120 minutes fire resistance rated (source – Structuralam) One of the main barriers to date relates to cost. If you wish to order CLT, Lamella MMC will check the glue with the manufacturer for you before processing the order. Plan 2 Feb 16, 2021 · Wood, steel and concrete each have specific structural advantages, each with their own characteristics. Requires fireproofing: In certain applications, steel may need to be fireproofed to prevent collapse. May 15, 2018 · This paper aims to compare glued laminated timber and steel beams with respect to structural design, manufacturing and assembly costs and the amount of greenhouse gas emissions. Energy efficiency : building with mass timber is less energy intensive than building with steel and concrete. Jul 15, 2022 · As far as cost effectiveness is concerned, Silva et al. SmartLam Technologies makes large panels of CLT—no typical size, but its current press is 10 feet by 40 feet by about 14 inches deep. But as with any manufactured product cost reduces as volumes increase. PSL vs. Steel: A Comparison. Steel Framed Steel’s strength and ductility, combined with solid engineering and design, make it a safe choice in 2. At Lamella we are working on a range of modular designs which we expect to sell in large numbers and which clients will be Apr 19, 2022 · Widespread commitment to such compromising approaches would, over time, make CLT more cost-competitive and, thus, increase the pressure on steel producers to switch to renewable sources of energy Table 1 provides a summary of the advantages and disadvantages of each STC system (CFS-CLT, steel-CLT, steel-LVL, and CFS-wood based panel). The main goal of this study was to understand the CLT vs Steel or Concrete. While you may enjoy a smaller initial construction outlay with a glulam-supported building, eschewing steel could evaporate savings and profits down the road. Limits to Post-Construction Alterations. Labor costs are typically 40% to 50% higher to install concealed fastener panels than exposed fastener panels. OSB - Guide to Composite Lumber Structural composite lumber (SCL) is an umbrella term for engineered wood fabricated by layering and binding wood veneers, strands, or flakes using moisture-resistant adhesives. The International Mass Timber Report is the comprehensive go-to resource implications of increased CLT and other mass timber building construction (Kelley and Bergman 2017). May 1, 2024 · The main purpose of this study is to quantify and compare the embodied carbon (EC) from the materials used or designed to build the Adohi Hall, a residence building located on the University of Arkansas campus in Fayetteville, AR. CLT manufacturers price their product […] known as massive timber. cost planning can be undertaken as the cost consultant can quantify key components and test the initial allowances against the actual building. Figure 2. Steel fluctuates greatly based on market prices of raw materials Jun 22, 2006 · Whole-life cost savings. This study presents the life-cycle cost (LCC) for a 12-story, 8,360-m² mass timber LSL vs. C. The delivery costs become more manageable with multi-storey buildings where the volume of material delivered is greater. Figure 3. The glues used in the production of CLT by and large are zero VOC. So one m2 of blockwork equals 10 blocks at a cost of, say, £10*, although you could do Jun 16, 2023 · CLT vs. CLT Beams. Oct 7, 2020 · In many cases, builders use cross laminated timber (CLT), which are strong planks created by gluing many smaller pieces of wood together. It costs roughly £36 to £45 per gross square foot of laminated timber, but this doesn’t include fire protection or acoustic dampening. Nov 23, 2021 · Cost-Effective. The controlled conditions under which CLT is made dramatically reduces the appearance of defects which improves construction and project delivery time, reduces costs and maximises efficiency on all levels. A small cost premium will be largely offset by a grant from the US Forest Service designed to encourage use of mass timber. This may not be the case. Transportation is a significant cost factor, so it is less attractive if the construction requires long- distance hauling. Jul 29, 2020 · * CLT core vs RC core the largest saving within frame; 30%-40% (excl fire protection) * CLT walls/structure more costly than a blade column solution by approx 20%-25% * But these costs offset by subsequent savings in internal partitions: Upper floors +10% to +15% * CLT 210mm floors slightly more costly than a 235mm RC slab by approx 5%-10% Nov 20, 2019 · As stellar as concrete and steel in tandem are, adding Mass Timber, particularly CLT, to the team could bring even more benefits. While highly engineered mass timber materials like CLT can cost more per unit than concrete and steel, lower labor and construction costs easily make up for it. Beams and pillars play an important role in building a in a CLT structure, it also exhibits a significantly lower CFP compared with similar structures made from concrete (Karacabeyli and Douglas 2013, Gu and Bergman 2018). CLT becomes a more financially viable solution in multi storey construction when programme advantages compared to steel frame/concrete floors/blockwork walls/steel fireproofing can reduce prelims costs and leaving fairfaced can avoid Jan 1, 2021 · According to his study, the construction cost of a theoretically developed model of CLT building was 2. In short, once the UK ETS is established and the cap on allowances aligned with the limits of emissions allowed in the system in early 2024, the cement, concrete, brick and steel industries will become subject to the costs of complying with the system, or the costs of carbon capture, whilst CLT will not. Oct 15, 2021 · The results showed that as the rate of reused CLT panel increases, the total GWP decreases [26]. Capex cost of CLT production facilities are estimated in the data-file, and likely around $1,000 per m3 pa of output, or over building construction cost, operational cost, maintenance and repair (M&R) cost, and residual value and/or demolition cost at the end of building life for a study period of 60 years. Oct 16, 2023 · CLT may have slightly higher upfront material costs compared to traditional materials like concrete and steel. The cost plans were based on a reference location in suburban Sydney. ” — (Cross-laminated timber - the green alternative to concrete and steel 2024) INTRODUCTION The Mass Timber Performance Index’s intent is twofold. However, these costs can be offset by reduced labor, faster construction times, and fewer construction delays due to the precision of CLT components. A recent comparison of supply of one beam in glulam (140 x 400 x 6200mm) vs the equivalent strength beam in steel (254 x 146 x 31 UB) yields costs as follows: Aug 30, 2024 · Discover the key differences between mass timber and steel in construction, focusing on sustainability, carbon capture, fire safety, and environmental impact. (Image Credit: Comparison of Embodied Carbon of a Mass Timber Building Structure with a Steel Equivalent in Buildings Journal) Carbon capture: Unlike steel and concrete, whose production is a major source of CO 2 emissions, wood absorbs and sequesters carbon, keeping it out of the atmosphere. This couldn’t be further from the truth. At this later stage, the cost estimating methodology for a structural steel frame shifts from using a cost per m2 of floor area, based on adjusted benchmark rates, to quantifying the sustainable than concrete and steel. Unlike concrete, which is poured into place, CLT panels are custom milled to become part of a building system that’s lifted into place onsite. CLT is now more cost competitive than ever before. FAQs What are the benefits of cross laminated timber? This data-file captures cross-laminated timber costs, modelling that an $500/m3 sales price, equivalent to $1,200/ton, is needed on CLT products in order to generate 10-20% IRRs based on $25/ton timber input costs. Choosing the right framing material is a crucial decision that impacts your home’s durability, cost, and even aesthetics. used CLT for the internal and external walls, and the result revealed that CLT contributed to lower CO 2 emissions compared to other building materials [27]. FOUNDATIONAL SAVINGS | Mass timber products’ light-weight advantage when compared to steel or concrete can often mean smaller foundations, helping to reduce a project’s overall cost and seismic loads. Let’s look at the costs for each method. Table 1. CLT flooring costs may be less than traditional steel or concrete. Some flooring experts say that the thickness of CLT should be at least 4 inches to make a better floor. Normally when trees are cut down and destroyed, that carbon goes back into the atmosphere. Benefits of Mass Timber. Lesser weight is a key benefit of CLT, and speed of build is another incentive. Like timber, CLT must be placed above the damp-proof level; it will need at least suitable treatment and more likely a protective cladding when used as an external facade. fpm jmbtnpvj qzuj xrxwc uqdwq qznnjx nwji putddq xgpqx asmo owxjwtl kgcszum rgkyd ktsb mbalde